This can be shown by placing a hand over the net, ensuring that the palm is facing down. A net violation is meant to show that there was a contact with the net.

Begin service is meant to indicate that the server is now allowed to serve, which can be shown by holding the hand high in the air with the palm in the direction of the team serving the ball. A double hit is indicated by two fingers showing that the player contacted the ball twice. A carry is when the ball had too much contact time with the players hand and is indicated by holding hand horizontal with the palm facing upwards. If a ball is out of bounds or went outside the antenna, the referee will raise his forearms vertically and palm facing inwards. Ball in bounds is meant to show the point of the court where the ball landed and is indicated by pointing one arm and hand toward the floor. A point is indicated by one finger at the side of the court to indicate the winner of the rally. The hand signals are given by the referee who first signals the fault and then indicates which team has won the point. The referee blows the whistle to signal the start and end of each play. Referees use several hand signals during a volleyball game. The second referee, or R2, is responsible for keeping track of time, administrating the substitutes and communicating with the coaches or teams effectively as well as assisting the first official. The first official gives the signal to start the game by whistling and has the authority to overrule any other official’s decision. The first referee, or R1, stands at the referee stand. Two official referees are in any volleyball game. Referees are the officials who are responsible for ensuring that all rules of the games are followed.

Volleyball referee hand signals pdf